Basic Concepts in NMR
Author
Daniel D Traficante
Emeritus Professor of NMR
Dr. Traficante obtained his Ph.D. in 1962 from MIT in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. For 10 years he was Director of the NMR Lab at MIT, and then held the same position at Yale University. Serving as the Director of Chemical Instrumentation at the National Science Foundation (NSF),he pioneered multi-nuclear instrumentation. He has built probes, reassembled spectrometers, and developed new software programs to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of NMR spectra. He received a Letter of Commendation from the Chemistry Division when he left the NSF to return to teaching.
At NMR Concepts, his current research in the areas of structure determination, instrumentation and data processing provide him with knowledge and expertise that are applicable to a broad audience. His organic chemistry background, plus his expertise in electronics, gives his lectures a special depth and appreciation for the field. Dr. Traficante is known throughout the world as an outstanding educator.
Dr. Traficante obtained his Ph.D. in 1962 from MIT in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. For 10 years he was Director of the NMR Lab at MIT, and then held the same position at Yale University. Serving as the Director of Chemical Instrumentation at the National Science Foundation (NSF),he pioneered multi-nuclear instrumentation. He has built probes, reassembled spectrometers, and developed new software programs to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of NMR spectra. He received a Letter of Commendation from the Chemistry Division when he left the NSF to return to teaching.
At NMR Concepts, his current research in the areas of structure determination, instrumentation and data processing provide him with knowledge and expertise that are applicable to a broad audience. His organic chemistry background, plus his expertise in electronics, gives his lectures a special depth and appreciation for the field. Dr. Traficante is known throughout the world as an outstanding educator.
Although some familiarity with NMR will be assumed, a comprehensive approach to the fundamental concepts of NMR will be presented using algebra and trigonometry. This course is intensive and examines each of the fundamental concepts in great detail. The lecture begins with signals generated in the rotating frame, carried through block diagrams of a spectrometer console, into the computer and finally represented in terms of a spectrum. Emphasis will be placed on understanding the principles that are embodied in topics such as phase, modulation, quadrature phase detection, A-to-D conversion, aliasing, and the Fourier transform. Proper operating techniques will be described throughout this portion of the course. After the fundamental principles and instrumentation have been covered, these principles will be used in discussions of apodization functions, data treatments, relaxation measurements, NOE's and special decoupling experiments.
Every attempt will be made to present the material on a conceptual rather than a mathematical level, and whenever possible physical pictures will be emphasized. However, some simple mathematics and basic concepts in physics and electricity will be used to describe certain phenomena.
The objective is to provide the student with a coherent and functional grasp of the fundamental concepts of NMR and how they are used. Time will be devoted to investigating the basic ideas conceptually, first non-mathematically, then graphically, and finally mathematically, in an effort to have the student build a usable intuition about these concepts, their connections, and their utility in modern NMR experiments. The student should gain a thorough understanding of the principles upon which all NMR spectrometers operate, and thus be able to more easily and quickly obtain correct spectra. The course is designed to provide the background required to perform some of the more modern experiments.
Course program
Signal DetectionSpectrometer Phase RelationshipsResonance Offset, "Fictitious" Field and the Rotating FrameCoil ShapesGeneration of B1Phase of Transmitter RF Pulse (B1)Problem AnswersEffect of Phase of Transmitter RF Pulse (B1)FID Signal Phase and Spectral Line-ShapesPrinciples of Quadrature Phase DetectionProblem: Achieve QPD by Changing Pulse PhasesThe Fourier TransformThe Fourier Components of an FIDComplex FIDComplex Continuous Fourier TransformDiscrete FT of a Single FIDProperties of Odd and Even FunctionsReal Spectra of Infinitely Long Non-Decaying Cosine SignalsProblemsThe Decay of an FIDProblem AnswersReal Spectra of Infinitely Long Decaying Cosine SignalsImaginary Spectra of Infinitely Long Decaying Cosine SignalsProblemSummary of Spectral Line Shapes from Various FIDSThe Fourier Transform of a DC PulseFT Spectrometer Block DiagramPower Distribution as a Function of Pulse WidthConversion of Some Time Domain Functions to their Frequency DomainsAcquisition Times and the Appearance of Sinc Side-Lobes (Wiggles)Laboratory Experiments to Observe the Manifestations of the Sinc FunctionEffect of Acquisition TimeZero-FillingT1 Growth and T2 DecayHahn Spin EchoCarr-Purcell TrainCarr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill ExperimentMeasuring T1T1 SpectraRelaxation MechanismsDipole-Dipole and Spin Rotation ContributionsEffect of Motion on Dipole-Dipole RelaxationSome Uses of T1 MeasurementsElectric Quadrupole RelaxationMagnetization Transfer ExperimentsEffect of ParamagneticsIntegrationScalar vs Dipolar CouplingNuclear Overhauser Enhancement - NOE DefinitionsDecoupled Spectra without the NOECoupled Spectra with NOEPulse Sequence in Gated Decoupling ExperimentsIncomplete NOE'sMeasuring T1DDAssignment of Quaternary Carbons in BenzonitrileIntegrationPamoic AcidHow Distance Affects the Homonuclear NOEPamoic Acide - NOESY - SSB Processing, Symmetrized
Basic Concepts in NMR
Author
Daniel D Traficante
Emeritus Professor of NMR
Dr. Traficante obtained his Ph.D. in 1962 from MIT in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. For 10 years he was Director of the NMR Lab at MIT, and then held the same position at Yale University. Serving as the Director of Chemical Instrumentation at the National Science Foundation (NSF),he pioneered multi-nuclear instrumentation. He has built probes, reassembled spectrometers, and developed new software programs to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of NMR spectra. He received a Letter of Commendation from the Chemistry Division when he left the NSF to return to teaching.
At NMR Concepts, his current research in the areas of structure determination, instrumentation and data processing provide him with knowledge and expertise that are applicable to a broad audience. His organic chemistry background, plus his expertise in electronics, gives his lectures a special depth and appreciation for the field. Dr. Traficante is known throughout the world as an outstanding educator.
Dr. Traficante obtained his Ph.D. in 1962 from MIT in the field of synthetic organic chemistry. For 10 years he was Director of the NMR Lab at MIT, and then held the same position at Yale University. Serving as the Director of Chemical Instrumentation at the National Science Foundation (NSF),he pioneered multi-nuclear instrumentation. He has built probes, reassembled spectrometers, and developed new software programs to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of NMR spectra. He received a Letter of Commendation from the Chemistry Division when he left the NSF to return to teaching.
At NMR Concepts, his current research in the areas of structure determination, instrumentation and data processing provide him with knowledge and expertise that are applicable to a broad audience. His organic chemistry background, plus his expertise in electronics, gives his lectures a special depth and appreciation for the field. Dr. Traficante is known throughout the world as an outstanding educator.